: Despite broader reforms, customs duties on many imported vehicles remained as high as , plus additional excise taxes (10-100%) and Operational Impact & Subsidies Throughout 2021, the government utilized fuel subsidy schemes

as a primary tool to control inflation in the transport sector. While retail fuel prices at the pump were revised upward, public transport providers often purchased fuel at subsidized rates—sometimes 28% to 32% lower

: These specific adjustments generally did not apply to large public buses (such as Anbessa or Sheger), as the government maintained subsidies to keep those rates stable. Example 2021 Fare Structure for Minibus Taxis: New Fare (Birr) Up to 2.5 km 7.6 to 10 km 17.6 to 20 km 27.6 to 30 km National Import & Customs Tariff Reform In August 2021, the Ministry of Finance unveiled a new Tariff Book

In 2021, the Ethiopian transport sector underwent significant regulatory changes, primarily driven by a major revision of import tariffs in August and subsequent public transport fare adjustments in December due to rising global fuel prices. Revised Public Transport Fares (December 2021)

for domestically assembled products and raw materials to support local producers. Zero-Tariff Items : Essential industrial inputs, including certain fuels, oils, and distilled products , were assigned zero tariffs to mitigate operational costs. Vehicle Import Duties

Following an increase in oil prices, the Addis Ababa City Transport Bureau implemented a new fare structure on December 17, 2021 Minibus Taxis : Rates increased by approximately 10 cents per kilometer , with total increments ranging from 0.50 to 3.50 Birr depending on the route. Medium-sized ("Higer") Buses : Rates increased by 5 cents per kilometer , with full-trip price hikes between 1.00 and 2.00 Birr Exemptions